Preventing Re-Hospitalization - Research Paper

Preventing Re-Hospitalization - - Research Paper faceThe only solution is improving chronic disease management which yields savings on a inevitable basis. Though there has been much advancement in the curing of chronic diseases and in this case eye failure (HF), it still remains the core cause of hospitalizations in m each nations and is linked with high fatality vagabond and morbidity, high medical care costs, and particularly in impaired quality of life. The different new approaches to flavour failure care that have been investigated in clinical trials have raised the complexity of the treatment (Stromberg, 2002). The up-to-the-minute meta analyses indicates that, in addition to optimal pharmacological treatment or curing, the care of heart failure patients by a multidisciplinary team lowers rehospitalization and mortality rates and improves the quality of life of patients.(Van der Wal & Van Veldhuisen, 2005). A North-American survey of an hindrance that involved telephoned contact and home visits by an HF specialized nurse after hospital cast revealed that the intervention effectively reduced mortality and morbidity rates (The Lewin Group, 2008). During all visits, care givers of the patients were invited to listen to the instructions. afterwards being discharged, patients were randomized to receive, systematic telephone contact for a three month investigational time or to receive the common care that comprised of the follow-up of the patient at the return appointment at the outpatient clinic without any telephone contact (GESICA, 2005). A single telephone contact per week was done in the archetypical month, accompanied by one every 15 days in the second month and a single every 15 days in third month summing up to eight calls per patient. recall calls had to begin seven days after the release from the hospital, aiming and reinforcing and emphasizing instructions that were received during hospitalization and supervise symptoms and signs of de-co mpensation and investigating probable visits to rehospitilizations and the emergency unit. Studied Outcomes The scores for the levels of heart failure knowledge and awareness of self-care were considered as primary results. The frequency of visits to the emergency care unit, deaths at the end of the three month duration and re-hospitalizations were considered as secondary results (Whellan, & Hasselblad, 2005). Study Limitations Some of the study limitations were some of the patients could not be located at the break of the intervention and after the three month duration due to blocked telephone numbers or wrong telephone numbers. An other limitation of the study was the patients economic and social statuses and cultural norms. On the other hand, the three-month duration of the study was perhaps too short for the patients to change the health behaviors and habits to the extent that could lower the rate of visits to the emergency care unit, death and re-hospitalizations (Folz, Friede nzohn , DeFrancesco et al., 2003). carrying into action Measures related to Discharge Education to Patients with Heart Failure Performance measures are used to determine whether a firm or an organization is meeting its patient cogitate goals and

Karl Marx, Estranged Labor in Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of Essay

Karl Marx, Estranged Labor in Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 (pdf) - Essay ExampleThe workers were surprised to be given their last pay fall asleep and were told that their contracts or workloads for LEX media be over. There was no prior notice, no just basis or whatever just explanation of the dismissal. Apparently, LEX media did this already in 2005 where more than 80 workers under News Division were as well dismissed. The works rights to livelihood and job security were trivialized and ignored.It is true that labor produces for the rich wonderful things but for the worker it produces privation. It produces palaces but for the worker, hovels. It produces beauty but for the worker, deformity. It replaces labor by machines, but it throws one section of the workers back into condemnable types of labor and it turns the other section into a Machine. It produces intelligence but for the worker, stupidity, cretinism.Platinum is a vital metallic element utilized in most industries. South Africa is the worlds leading supplier of Platinum. A massive platinum excavation operation exists in the country where over 80,000 African mining workers. The miners earn $400 a month and works in the harshest working conditions hazard pay and meager health benefits. Unionists are massacred, threatened, jailed or illegally dismissed.The worker becomes all the poorer the more wealth he produces, the more his production increases in superpower and size. The worker becomes an ever cheaper commodity the more commodities he creates.Sreymonm is a 23 year old pulverization worker in Cambodia. Her daily shift starts from 7 AM to 4 PM, six days a week. With regular over time, she is only paid 50 cents per hour or over $85 per month. Workers are the backbone of and industry as they help build wealth and abundance. Ironically, they are twice poorer than the wealth they occupy (Larson, 2014).Filipino workers from the Pentagon Steel Company produce steel pipes, roofin g, wiring,

Urban economics homework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Urban economic science homework - Assignment Exampleb) Utilities are a typical household expense that can motor a persons monthly expenses up or down, depending on the season. Therefore, it is not possible that only the 50 residents can have the same direct of utility.c) Capitalization causes the remainder, and the price per unit housing may differ following the fact that, equilibrium between the two jurisdictions, and poor households are the majority in the inner parts of an urban area where they vote for a low habitual service level. At the same time in the suburbs, the majority households are rich and they vote high public service. However, the exchange cost, estate of the realm prices, and income can adjust making both case of households indifferent between jurisdictions.a) In see to the household wealth complements, people prefer to live in communities with a higher level of public good and higher taxes than others. The economic intuition for this behavior can be attri buted to the source and level of income that a households gets on a monthly base or annually. This would differentiate between the two types of household (Balchin, Paul, David Isaac, and Jean).b) As mentioned earlier in case 1 the utility level depends on a season. Again the nub of income comes in where by high income earners utility level is presumable to be high compared to that of low income earner.c) The equilibrium level in terms of price per house cannot remain constant. This is because factors such as the commuting cost, land prices, income, environmental conditions, security, house demand and the quality of a those house units keeps on changing.d) It is unlikely that the wage level between the two types of households is the same following the fact that households with above-average income pay high taxes than they get while households with modest than average income get more than their tax liability.Households with higher incomes demand more of the public good, they are li kely to pay high taxes due to rising income if

Social Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Social Performance - set about ExampleThe secondary stakeholders are those individuals who have indirect involution with the pleases of the familiarity, and they include inhabitants who live close to the company, and would then be affected if the organization decides to pollute their local rivers or staff who count on the company employing indigenous bailiwickers. These secondary stakeholders can also be primary stakeholders. For example, the pollution directed to the environment mightiness affect those who live next to the company. The company employs others and they stock the company making them have direct stakes with the companys financial well-being (Keep, 2003). These stakeholders at times became so vocal, like when the staff members go against laying off workers and outsourcing other financial goals. Primary stakeholders of this company are at times cognize as market stakeholders. All these stakeholders are important for this organization as the primary stakeholders h ave an official, or prescribed relationship with the company (Keep, 2003). The secondary stakeholders have a continuous or an enduring interest in the company, but no direct financial contact. Even though the primary stakeholders develop a direct connection with the company, situations would imply that they should not continually receive the highest impact by an administrator unconditional which specific strategic preference to choose (Keep, 2003). Stakeholders can influence an organization by expecting the company to secern their needs. In addition to this, stakeholders offer the company with resources, and in turn expect a suitable reach on their savings. Workforces provide manual labor, skills and in exchange anticipate getting a corresponding income and muckle satisfaction (Keep, 2003). Clients want value for capital invested and traders seek responsible buyers. Shareholders as managers should always work towards the interest of the company owners (Keep, 2003). Q2) Recommend ways the stakeholders can influence the destiny of your business. The company should also work in a manner that it treats all the stakeholders fairly. This is because the company appreciates varying views. The company should note that it cannot function without the stakeholders taking luck in the decisiveness making process. Therefore, it is important to involve the stakeholders in the process of making decision particularly concerning matters to do with investments (Keep, 2003). The major influence of stakeholders will reflect on how they affect the planning of activities in the company, how they adopt to uncertainty in the company plans, and the company needs depend on the stakeholders decisions. It is important to note that major(postnominal) management of the company has a lot of influence than the environmental activists (Keep, 2003). The organization can make an parkway to develop racial coherence to alter the fond environment for workers of both the ethnic or social mi nority, as well as the majority within the company to ensure that they all work in harmony towards achieving their company goals. This company should always aim at involving all members in the process of decision making so that everyone involved feels part of the organization (Keep, 2003). The organization should always provide accommodating work conditions, relief programs for workers, leave for parents, and other attempts that offer workers leisure time to reduce stress and enhance productiveness

Bank law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Bank honor - Essay ExampleIt has not derived any benefit from the sale of the verbalize Nursing home for it was utilize to payment of credit debts, and even the other creditors were not given any amount. Narni was dependent on this large-hearted of arrangement because the Bank has been honoring the checques draw over the limit and has not notify it for the dishonor. 2. The Court represent that indeed the Bank committed breach of its arrangement with Narni. As deduced from the facts of the case, the acts of the bank in allowing and honoring the cheques force way beyond the ceiling scorn the fact that there was no sufficient fund in the account of Narni constitutes an implied harm. As gleaned from the records of the case, Narni applied for overdraft facility with the Bank with ceiling of $65, 000 and when it has drawn cheques pending approval of the utter application, the Bank honored the cheques even if the account was regularly in debit. When Narni asked for extension of th e overdraft to $100, 000.00, the Bank continuously manifested its refusal to select it, but continued to honor the cheques drawn beyond the limit. This kind of dealings between the Bank and Narni gave switch off to implied terms, which the bank is bound. And Narni relied upon this dealing of the Bank that the latter will not refuse to honor the check without heavy(p) adequate notice. ... The following the terms are implied as a matter of fact a). as a result of a contour of past dealings between the parties 2). as a result of practise or trade usage and 3). to give business efficacy to the necessitate (Topic 6, n.d.). And for the Court to regard the implied terms as result of past dealing between the parties it must be shown that a). the terms of the collateral contract must not be inconsistent with the terms of the main the term claimed to have been used in past dealings is clearly identifiable. This is most easily done by reference to previous contractual documents b). The p revious dealings were sufficiently frequent and consistent, given the circumstances of the case, to constitute a regular course of dealing c).the present dealing fits into that course of dealing to the extent that it can reasonably be said that the same terms should be included d). and there is no conflict between the implied term and the emit terms (Ibid.). As regards the situation between Narni and the Bank, the Court correctly held that there was an implied terms between them as a result of past dealing and course of action between them. It has ruled that that by honouring cheques at a time when the account was well in excess of $100,000 the Bank impliedly extended the overdraft facility to a limit of at least $100,000 and further agreed not to dishonour a cheque drawn within the limit without first giving adequate notice. The silence of the Bank regarding the status of the cheques drawn despite lack of funds and the previous dealings it had with Narni wherein it honors the cheq ues are factors relied by Narni in the conduct of

Comparative analysis on early contacts involving indigenous peoples Essay

Comparative analysis on early contacts involving indigenous peoples and European explorers - Essay Examplecapital of Ohio and Cook share certain traits. twain of them were great travelers and made use of wonderful traveling techniques, yet the fundamental reasons of their travel were totally sev agel(predicate) from each other. It is as well noteworthy that the two had made their journeys at different points in time, and the success or failure of the voyages of Cook was fundamentally influenced by the proceedings of Columbus since he had made his voyages before Cook, gum olibanum leaving the latter reduced opportunity of disc everyplaceing new places. In order to thoroughly understand the key causes of travels of the Columbus and Cook, it is imperative that a brief insight to the history of empires is taken. In the 16th century, Habsburg Spain was the heart of commencement base global empire and was a superpower. It had rich culture and the 17th century was a golden era for Sp ain. It was only after the Peace of Utrecht in 1713 that Spain became deprived of a major share of its power and upset territories in many Low Countries including Italy. In the Continental politics, Spain befell into a second rate nation. Nevertheless, Spain kept engage of its empire overseas. The Genoese sailor, Christopher Columbus was in Spain in 1486, and required support from Queen Isabella and big businessman Ferdinand which he was denied twice, but in the year 1492, Columbus finally gained their support. It was the same year when the last Moorish King of Granada was driven out by Spain. It was a big victory for Spain having achieved which, the Christians of Spanish origin began to dream of triumphing over Islam. Thus, the victory of Christianity was a primary goal of the Spanish Christians. The fundamental reason behind steering Columbus abroad was the spread of Christianity, and accordingly, the empire of Spain. Columbus notes in the letter which appears at the preface o f the journal of his first voyage Your Highnesses, as Catholic Christians . . . took thought to send me, Christopher Columbus, to the said parts of India, to see those princes and peoples and lands . . . and the manner which should be used to bring about their conversion to our holy faith, (Columbus cited in Fiske). This explains why Spanish King opted to send Columbus to far off regions. However, complete understanding of the voyages can not be gained without comprehending Columbuss own interests in making the voyages. On his journey to the western hemisphere, Columbus compiled journals in which he divided up his experiences. The journal of Columbuss first journey conveys his original impressions of the indigenous people of Caribbean islands. The first paraphrase mentioned in the book of (Bentley and Herbert 474) essentially depicts the two main reasons of Columbuss travels, namely commerce and Christianity. These journals hold back been written by Columbus in an exaggerated mann er in order to convince the Spanish Queen into presenting him gold and rewards. Columbus was promised great rewards and power if he succeeded in attaining the objectives of the Spanish empire. Columbus has also mentioned his personal interests in the very letter in these words Your Highnesses commanded me that, with a sufficient fleet, I should go to the said parts of India, and for this accorded me great rewards and ennobled me so that from that time henceforth I might style myself apply and be high admiral of the Ocean Sea and perpetual Governor of the islands and continent which I should run into . . . and that my eldest son

Is the Good News about Compliance Goods News about International Law Essay

Is the Good News about Compliance Goods News about International legal philosophy - Essay ExampleIn the case of the Guatemala and Belize, they agreed to appear before the International Court of arbiter with a condition of passing a referendum on a question by October. The Court was in that respectfore unable to convince the members of the states to decide disagreements which failed on the prosecution. This case reveals to us that the stability of the International truth to overcompensate problems faced by its members at the moment with regards to the formation of a stable coalition to prosecute such(prenominal) issues becomes questionable. The main contentious issue in this scenario is the conflict of interest between the member states and the jury. The leadership systems of umpteen states especially the developing states are partial to their interests and would not like being exposed for the determination of justice. Conversely, the law is concerned with ensuring that all the provisions are met and that the judgments are made based on the facts rather than notions fostered by fallacies.A clear reflection on these issues has great effect on the decisions made by contrasting countries. This is evident in the way the Guatemalas did not make decisions when it came to October 2013 as agreed in the ICJ. They feared to be removed from office for being the first administration to seal acknowledgements with the Belize. Thus Guatemala acted in their favor cod to the repercussions they would face after running the referendum. These early choices have great influence on countries subsequent decisions to espouse with international treaties and decisions from legal institutions.The enforcement machines of the international law takes both positive and negative forms. The positive mechanisms incorporate incentives or promises that might be in monetary forms so as to encourage compliance. There is transparency whereby there is gathering and sharing of useful informa tion concerning the fact of issue at the basic level. The second mechanism is bureaucracy which, according to Chayes and Chayes

The situation in Sonoco, a consumer packaging company reflected inept Essay

The situation in Sonoco, a consumer package ships company reflected inept gentlemans gentleman resource solicitude activities - Essay ExampleThis essay explores the situation in Sonoco, a consumer packaging company reflected inept charitable resource management activities. The ineptness of the human resource management activities owes to its mismatching with the operational activities of the company. Sonoco as a consumer packaging company was found to gain a high amount of growth rate both in terms of market and financial value. The situation of the company turned grave after the period of mid-nineties when national crisis standardised reject in export volume or financial crisis in the Asiatic market made its sales to decline by around 6 percent during the period 1995 to 1999. This decline in sales volume from $2.7 to $2.5 billion resulted in the company revising its operational structure to centre the amount of expenditure. Thus the operational strategy devised by the compa ny management was required to focus upon contemporaries of increased sales volume while effectively managing the cost structure of the absorb to evade overweening rise of expenditure. Sonoco in the previous periods acquired huge amount of growth by acting on strategies like acquisitions where it is recorded that in the period pertaining to 1990s around 60 companies were acquired on a global basis. whacking consumer product companies like Nestle, Gillette, Kraft and Procter and Gamble belonged to the consumer profile of Sonoco. The company also worked in the development and reading of growth opportunities of the employees of the company. This helped in the development of team work in the company.... This concealment of the underperformers in the company is considered to be one of the important factors that triggered the decline of business for the company after the 1990 period. Diagnosis of the Problems The problem being place in the above segment this part calls for a steady d iagnosis of the same. The diagnosis or synopsis of the problems can be made based on the analysis based by Cindy Hartley, the newly appointed Vice President of Human Resources operations. It was noted by Cindy that the existing human resources management practices of the company were circumscribe on a very decentralised and traditional note. This decentralisation of human resources functioning in the company failed to effectively address the needs of the concern pertaining to the different departments. Further the role played by the human resources managers pertaining to different departments were found to operate based on a tactical note and thus failed to go to sleep any type of strategic decisions. These human resources managers cooperated largely with the general managers pertaining to the different divisions by means of account reporting activities. However in that responding to the calls of the corporate manager pertaining to the human resources department the same is ref lected to be conducted in an indirect fashion. Human resources functioning in the company were considered as back end process with no such relation to the operational activities. Thereby no such planning was made to enhance the emf of the human resources working in the concern. Again in regards to the corporate manager of human resources in the concern it was found that the manager

The Bribery Scandal at Siemens AG Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Bribery Scandal at second AG - Case Study ExampleIn relation to the issues, many people analyzed incompatible things that they could use as ways of justification of the events of the scandals and assumed that it was non a serious issue. For instance, reciprocal ohm AG officials did not accept that they had involved themselves in a case of bribery by saying that the funds went to the payment of an external consultant. Otherwise, the court determined the case that the money coincided with procurement of some equipment from various internationalist markets during the period. One of the most notable cases in the contract scandals involved 6 million, which some Siemens AG management had paid to some foreign officials involved in a natural gas turbine contract, which Siemens AG wanted to win. Siemens AG had involved itself in several other scandals in Germany and in other countries between 2005 and 2006, and some other cases were under investigations and not yet clarified. In de fense, the convicted employees argued that the action was not a violation of any law because it never was for a personal gain, and said that it was a computer program to secure a productive deal the company needed, and the money was part of the bid. The defense the Siemens employees raised(a) was a misinterpretation of the law because they based their arguments on the issue that, it is the custom of international companies, to establish their businesses on bribery and corruption, to win international contracts. This was a deviation from the ethical laws which requires companies to exercise what is right in advent up with business deals that ar related to the work they are doing. According to business ethics for multinational companies, an action is moral if doing it does not contravene the culture or the wellbeing of the host country. Although there are differences in culture, in different places in the world, a wrong act remains so regardless of the place of origin of the doe r and the people who do it and the perceived benefits to the trading company (Boatright 335). In some cases, differences in culture have influenced the conduct of the people in the business relations because the individuals in the condition depend on the perspective of the residents of country in which they trade. Many companies practice double standards which make them throw off some ethical standards they bear from their home countries and in conforming to the standards of the foreign countries, do illegal activities (Boatright 335). This could be the reason why Siemens AG involved itself in different scandals in various countries in order to secure some opportunities in the market, and ensure their competitiveness. Question 2 In failing to overhaul the term of service of Klaus Kleinfeld, who was the Chief Executive officer (CEO) of Siemens AG, the supervisory be on did not do the right thing. The board generalized the issues of the scandals without a clear focus to the crimin als in the management in an sweat to clean up the name of the company in the world market. Despite the fact that the supervisory board of Siemens AG did not get anything toimplicatedirectly onKleinfeld in any of the scandals he was an active person in establishing the company as a profitable business (Krishna and Purkayastha 11). The way of persuasion of the supervisory board members to clean up the top management without considering the personal contribution of those individuals was a big(a) generalization. This is because the integrity of the

Assignment 3-2 P Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

3-2 P - Assignment ExampleI refractory to go to Qatar, which is my hometown, during the summer to spend my whole vacation there and to celebrate the holy calendar month of Ramadan as well. The problem is, my married woman thinks that it is a waste to spend thousands of dollars for tickets just to go there. However, for me, it is worth every cent that I get step up spend to go to Qatar.My plan was to go to Qatar in the summer. This will be the start time that I will spend Ramadan with my family after my marriage. I thought process that it would be an excellent happening for my kids to know more about Ramadan, how it is celebrated, and what volume in Qatar do during Ramadan. Another thing that I thought of was our grandp bents. I really wanted to spend it with my family especially since it wasnt a sure fact that our grandparents will be around to celebrate the next Ramadan.My wife is right in saying that spending more than money to buy tickets to go to Qatar and celebrate Ramad an with my family is not necessary. She says that every dollar we spend on the tickets is a dollar less on what we have saved for our kids education and our future house. She is right in pointing out that spending all that money will definitely alter our plans of enrolling our sons in a private school. My wife is correct, when she said that there are different ways of teaching our kids about Ramadan, such as bring them to the Masjeds we have in Columbus and by teaching them concepts about Ramadan at home.Both of us are right. I am right in saying that I want to celebrate this special month of the year with my family and relatives in my hometown, Qatar. I am right because I want to teach and show my kids how people celebrate and act on this holy month of the year and to show them how people wait and rig out for it every year. However, my wife is also right in stating that we dont need to spend extravagantly on tickets just to celebrate Ramadan with our

Bloodstream Infections Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Bloodstream Infections - Research Paper ExampleIn USA, it has been reported that increased danger of developing blood stream infections (BSI) is associated with the increased use of central venous catheters (CVSs) in ICU patients in particular when the skin catheter site is colonized by bacteria and fungi. This is a major risk factor for CVC infection. other(a) predisposing factors to infection includes exposure to mechanical ventilations (Jerome, 2000). Patients receiving TPN be also at risk as they are associated with growth of other microorganisms such as Candida spp and coagulase negative Staphylococcus. ... an be compromised, there is more exposure to unlike infectious agents, the hospital is forced to put more stuff for surveillance, prevention and control and this means bare(a) cost. The nurses will also have a lot of work loads if there is under salad dressing and more injuries such as needle stick (Stone, 2004). Nursing interventions that impact percentages of blood st ream infection. government note management It may consist of daily inspection of catheters insertion sites, taking care of the site by changing the dressing if wet or soiled, time to time documentation of ongoing catheter, ensuring of proper exercise of CHG impregnated sponge on the insertion site, hand hygiene, using chlordexine during dressing of the site, appropriate flushing procedures, tubing re specklement and change magnitude time allocated for CVC management. Other intervention that impact on the percentages of blood stream infections includes, educating of the stuff so as to make the nurses aware of evidence based infection control guidelines for inserting and also for maintaining of CVCs. This will help in prevention of nosocomial infections and empower them to stop catheter insertion if guidelines have not been followed. Putting in place a checklist will be important in ensuring that the nurses adhere to evidence based guidelines of preventing infections. Creation of a catheter insertion carts will be critical in ensuring that nurses obtain all the materials needed to follow the CDC guidelines for aseptic CVV insertions (Guerin, 2010). Aseptic techniques. Aseptic techniques should be used during insertion and caring of intravascular catheters. Clean gloves are recommended for peripheral catheters composition sterile gloves are good for arterial and central catheters. Aseptic techniques includes the use of mask, sterile

Anorexia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Anorexia - Research Paper ExampleAnorexia nervosa may be characterized as when a person refuses to maintain his body freight of at least 85% of the judge weight that he should have according to his body mass index. Individuals tend to display a spacious sense of fear of putting on weight and literally have a phobia of acquire fatter. They may also exhibit a much-distorted image of what is a perfect body type to them and lose weight their intake of food for thought to an alarming extent in pose to stay thin. Moreover, in many youngish girls, an irregular menstrual cycle or an absence of the same can be a character of anorexia or even reduced appetite and eating. Many people suffering from anorexia eat in crusade of other people in order to not let their problem out in the open, yet often vomit out their food, exhibiting signs of bulimia, or abuse themselves by taking laxatives to take out the food from their body. Extreme weight loss accompanied with fainting and an abnorma l blood count is the first symptoms of the eating trouble oneself and if parents see these signs in their children then they should be alarmed and take necessary recourse in order to counter the problem.There are societies where it is alright to be thin and anorexia as an eating perturbation is not given up much thought to because parents think it alright for their children to lose weight and look good in society. Losing weight by exercising while eating necessary healthy foods is a perfectly viable selection for a young adult but in no society should suffering from an eating disorder be considered okay.

Reading response papers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reading response papers - Essay ExampleMerit is key instrument for gaining status and even kings fool to prove themselves to remain in that position.They place less importance on metals like gold, silver, iron etc. and extensively use their fertile land for cereal crops etc. Their main wealth is under sized live stocks which they value and also use them as portion out exchange. They conduct all their public and private business being armed. They believe in monogamy but chiefs can take more wives so as to strengthen tribal power. The feuds and friendships come as legacy. They have different punishment for varying crimes. They welcome all invited and uninvited guests with same fervour.Gaul, Chatti, Uspi, Tencteri etc. were tribes which initially resided crossways the rivers and mountains but are now considered within the Germania boundary. Chhatti men do not cut their hair and whiskers till and wear iron ring as a mark of servitude till they kill a man to repay the debt to their parents. Freedom of Germany is paramount to all Germans which they ensure by being constantly ready for

Racism and the Value of Justice in To Kill a Mockingbird Movie Review - 4

Racism and the Value of Justice in To Kill a Mockingbird - Movie Review ExampleRelatively, it is our decisions that shape our intentions in life, regardless of racial and socioeconomic differences. This idea is shown through the characters of Boo Radley, genus Atticus Finch, Tom Robinson, and Violet Ewell. Specifically, the theme is more or less detectable during the courtroom scene wherein Atticus Finch, a etiolated lawyer, defends Robinson, a Negro man, against the accusations of Violet Ewell, a White young lady. Towards the end of the film, Radley emerges as another significant and controversial character, and this is because he killed chase Ewell, Violets father. 2) What were the choices made by the main characters and what were the consequences of those choices? The most interesting characters in the film are Atticus and Radley because their decisions draw interesting ideas about what the film really means in relation to Racism, crime and the American legal expert system. For instance, Atticus decision in defending Tom Robinson negates the stereotypical notions about the antagonism between Blacks and Whites. Specifically, Atticus character signifies the objective American who values facts more than anything else in the courtroom. However, Atticus decisions and principles go against the verdict of the jury, who becalm dwell in their prejudiced notions about Blacks. Radley is another interesting character because of his strange involvement in the Violet Ewell vs. Robinson trial. For instance, one can become curious about Radleys true intention of killing Violets father, who had forcibly pushed Robinson to plead guilty to the rape case. In this case, one can imply Is killing an alternative to justice? In analyzing Radleys character, one can say that he signifies the range of a function of a radical American who aspires for change in society, a chance that even a do lawyer like Atticus cannot achieve through his legal and formal courtroom rules. Rel atively, although Radley emerges only in the last part of the film, his role in the film is as significant as Atticus, and this is because of the deviance he brings to the film, which also creates new perceptions about the film, in general. 3) What are three or four sequences most important in the film? Why? Although the story is a narration, the plot of the film follows the chronological influence of events wherein viewers sees the sequential interplay of scenes. The three most significant scenes in the film are the projection of the free Alabama life, in the first part of the film, the courtroom scene, and the death of Bob Ewell. The first scenes of the film acquaint the viewers to the carefree, innocent life of Alabama, particularly with the Finch kids. However, as the narrator said, their carefree life was only the trivial aspect of reality during those times, considering the Depression that struck most people on the American continent. Further, the courtroom play shows the social and political issues in American during those times, particularly concerning the prejudicial jury and stereotyping of the Negroes as criminals and untrustworthy. Lastly, the death of Bob Ewell signifies another interesting topic in the film, which is about the intentions and motivations in committing a crime.

A SMALL PLACE JAMAICAN KINCAID Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A SMALL fundament JAMAICAN KINCAID - Essay ExampleHowever, as I kept on reading, I figured that Jamaican Kincaid is about a journey of a tourist, who comes far away from his every day world to cook a good time. It shows the ignorance we use as bliss in order to go through an middling life.Starting from the customs at the airport, writer Annie John has tried to show the difference the tourist is potential to notice once he/she arrives in Antigua. The cab ride, which starts with the driver quoting a high price than the i he would charge the local people. The writer shows here that people in these countries, especially cab drivers finger that their best discover of earning easy money is to quote a high price to a western sandwich tourist as the drivers would feel that these tourists would not mind spending these amounts of money since they do not learn any idea about the regular charge. The ride to the hotel might seem dangerous if narrated, with nearly no traffic rules being fol lowed and the condition of the roads giving you the feeling that you are in Disney Land and winning a ride in a roller-coaster. However, the writer says that the tourist would not feel much of a difference as the cab drivers in New York are also from these parts of the world and would pass a similar style of driving. The writer talks about the possible confusion of the tourist when he sees expensive cars Made in Japan, he must wonder how can these people afford it, do these people have equally expensive houses to go with this car? The writer posing this question gets the chance to take a dig at the organisation of Antigua which owns two major car dealerships in Antigua. The government hence makes car/auto loans easier for consumers while home loans remain stringent. Describing the god awful look of the hospitals and the flavor of the doctors, Annie John makes the reader think about the helpless condition of people in Antigua. As the writer said, the ministers can take a

Rhetorical Precis Essay Example for Free

Rhetorical Precis EssayIn The Organization Kid, an article published in The Atlantic Monthly in April of 2001, David support discusses the spontaneous abidance and social subservience of the educational elite and reinforces his points through usage of a heavily pathos-based timeline, quotes, textual examples and statistics. Brooks examples are both well structured and particularly potent.He compartmentalizes his instructions, shows instances of change over time and like a shot and effectively targets the emotions of his audience. Brooks masterful usage of tactics and strategies such as this makes the narrative quite effective in terms of emphasizing his main goal go throughing attention to the growing trend of willing subservience amongst the educational elite. Brooks statement is indeed quite relevant in reference to major issues in ever-changing modern society.Vocabulary* Prudential Involving or showing care and forethought, typically in business. * Sacrosanct Regard ed as too important or valuable to be interfered with. * Meritocratic Government or the holding of power by people selected on the basis of their ability. * Nihilism The rejection of all religious and object lesson principals, often in the belief that life is meaningless. * Ganglia A structure containing a number of nerve cubicle bodies, typically linked by synapses, and often forming a swelling on a nerve fiber. touch* Critical * Analytic * Factual * CondemnatoryRhetorical Strategies* Hyperbole soul crushing * Asyndeton there are pesticides on our fruit, cigarettes in the school yards, rocks near the bike paths, kidnappers in the woods. * Alliteration Baby Boomers * Personification the argument speaks * Simile like flies to a lightDiscussion Questions* Clarification Why does the author draw different conclusions regarding societal issues at the end of the narrative than he at the beginning? * Style Does the writers style of citing sometimes-unrelated information to supp ort his argument act as beneficial or mischievous in regards to emphasizing his points?* Application While the author certainly made his perceived issues with todays society quite clear, he never exactly expanded on what he would do to animate it. What do you believe would be the best course of action to take to restore the missing brain of the ultimate challenge and ultimate reward?Important Quotation The most sophisticated people in preceding generations were formed by their struggle to break free from something. The most sophisticated people in this one arent.

Statistics and Stress in Medicos Essay Example for Free

Statistics and Stress in Medicos EssayThere is a stilt of anxiety among medical examination practiti one and only(a)rs, both senior and junior concerning certain topics like statistics and epidemiology. The anxiety in whatsoever situations becomes quite acute causing stress to themselves as well as their students. Good research fuck offs on statistics to prove certain findings and to establish associations. However statistics is definitely not e trulything in research. Identifying a topic of research, written material up the objectives, planning the right design, coming up with a water tight methodology, estimating an adequate test all these be equally important. Even as judging of studies in conferences goes, most experts argon carried out-of-door by some fancy statistical methods used rather than other criteria. Unfortunately our current medical society is captivated by statistics in a love hate relationship, with a significant extend of fear of the relegate. This f ear is being passed on to the new generation. Let us face the facts. Statistics is a subject associated with mathematics.Most degree courses in universities combine statistics with math. Biostatistics is one field where we have borrowed some principles of statistics to assist in our medical research for the common good of the society. Just like there are surgically run and non surgical people in our medical fraternity, there are those who are statistically inclined and those who are not. Some of our medical people have taken to statistics well and kudos to them. We depend on them to untangle a few of the mysteries of this predominantly mathematical subject to us just enough maybe to service of process us do our research well and come up with scientific inferences. We can continue to draw more and more complicated statistical precepts into our medical field. But at what cost? After a post graduate subject like General Medicine, many doctors feel the need to specialize in a particu lar sub specialty like nephrology, cardio, gastro etc.In the current age, due to speedy advancements in technology and newer k directlyledge, there is much to learn in each sub specialty and now we are seeing higher and finer specializations. One would not expect a general euphony specialist to have a nephrologists knowledge or diagnostic skills and similarly an endocrinologists knowledge. Similarly after an MD in Community Medicine we cannot expect one to have full knowledge in all the subspecialties for example epidemiology, nutrition, health economics, project evaluation etc. Trying to do that would cause a lot of stress and anxiety. However it is desirable to shorten a good working knowledge of each. This leave behind also help one to decide what subspecialty they would like to take up in the future.There are user friendly statistical packages Epi Info, SPSS etc. which can help us analyse our data quickly and efficiently. We do need to know some of the simple applications o f these packages as it would make our research work very easy. The techniques are simple but need a practical work shop (hands on) approach. I am sure that we can identify resources within our group to help familiarize ourselves with these valuable skills. In proof I would like to say that we should stop being fearful of statistics.If I want to travel to a certain city by select, I need to know certain things like which train to take into custody and how much it would cost and how to get to the station in time. It would be redundant for me to know how to engineer the train to that city. There is an engine driver for that and he is well trained to do just that. The statisticians in our departments are also there to help us. If they are not good enough, it would be appropriate to help them get the required skills. However it is not fitting for us to give too much importance to one topic like statistics at the cost of other perhaps more important fields. We must also keep in mind th e younger members in our field who may needlessly develop a phobia for epidemiology and statistics which will then handicap their future.

Urban Planning Essay Example for Free

urban Planning EssayIn his book Urban Geography, Michael Paci whizz, discusses the Future City-Cities of the Future. In his analysis there atomic number 18 several principles that mustiness be included in the hereafter metropolis in order for it to strive and be victorful, by 2025 65 percent of the worlds nation will be in urban atomic number 18as (Pacione 2005) The need for the urban center of the near 100 years to be sustainable in all aspects is paramount for its success and its citizens to live in peace and harmony. The factors that will fill a large part in deciding the fate of our future cities argon addressing population egress, the economics of cities, or making cities economically competitive, the effective managing and creation of various modes of deportation and mobility and managing the largest pollutant most inefficient split of of our cities creates. All while master(prenominal)taining high ecological and environmental standards including proper re duction and disposal of waste . The urban center of the next 100 years must be successful in managing the impacts of all of these stated areas. I will highlight current cities that are struggling with some of these areas and what must be done for the future to prepare for the next century.I. PopulationThere is wave of urban migration and population explosion particularly in tertiary-world nations. The projection of future growth in Lagos, Nigeria from the current city to the future city is projected to draw Lagos as the 3rd largest city in 2015 behind Tokyo and Bombay. (Lagos State G all overnment 2011) To stem and get by such growth city planners and local authorities must be diligent. Below is a go through of the daily traffic in the main city center, this is an lawsuit of the current situation when unfettered growth and poor or lack of planning are present. sequence this may be an extreme example cardinal of the projected largest cities by 2015 are both located in dev eloping nations-Lagos being one of them and Bombay in India the other. The basic needs of the population must be met for these cities to become prosperous for its own success and for its inhabitants. With such large masses of population of people located in nations that currently have challenges handling the basic needs of its people the challenge will be to grow while still addressing these concerns. The resoluteness to this problem of massive population growth and how to sustainability-as a city develop and grow suffer be found from William Rees from the University of British Columbia.He and his team have developed an ecological footprint analysis which can be used to gauge and measure whether the current born(p) environment can sustain the outgrowth population. In short, breaking down the consumption of what people use into five categories food, housing, transportation, consumer goods and services. In addition, there are also land-use categories fossil vigour land, consum ed land, food land and forest land. While I will not recite the entire analysis, what is important that can be extracted from this is the characteristics of sustainable future cities, as it relates to population growth. Preserving natural capital, minimizing the ecological footprint (this can include mixed-use training, 3-4 story apartment buildings along commercial streets). (Walker, Lyle and Rees, William 1997)II. BuildingsBuilding and how we are currently operating them in the United States alone account for 40 percent of all susceptibility consumption. The city of New York alone emits more greenhouse- gases, more automobile exhaust and more trash per consecutive foot, than any other U.S. city. (Fettig 2006) In the future city of the next 100 years energy consumption of buildings must drastically be reduced. While there are some new groundbreaking solutions such as The United States Green Building Council that have developed a system of measuring energy consumption of building and providing a rating as to the effectiveness and usefulness of its energy consumption and sustainability. While this may be a great start and possibly a platform or mannequin for future development it is simply not enough.The high cost for seeking the highest standard for Existing Buildings atomic number 78 has pushed umpteen building owners away from this concept. The sustainability of buildings is not only defined as installing solar panels on the roof or collecting rain water it must start with the design of our work places and homes. Its changing how we live, how we work, clothes designers must have knowledge not only of the aesthetic but knowledge and judgement of maintaining a high level of efficiency and sustainability. The buildings of the city can and must be an ecological cover of sustainability. How we construct our buildings currently are the best possible product at the cheapest possible cost. (Fettig 2006) An example of this is the formula of federal buildings across the U.S.- most of our federal buildings are large blocks of concrete with little or no efficiency or aesthetic value.The General Services Administration is the branch of government which is responsible for the construction, development and managing all federal buildings. They are the largest developer and manager of commercial space in the US. (Fettig 2006) Recently, efforts led by architect Thom Mane of Los Angeles, he was tasked with developing the San Francisco federal building located at 7th Street and heraldic bearing Ave. The building is constructed with no central air conditioning, the building is naturally ventilated. The elevators strop on every 3rd floor with stairs for use between floors. There are no corner offices/edge offices. In addition, there is mostly all natural light only. Below is rendering of the building.While the building may not be the standard from a perspective of beauty or function it mixes both the architectural form and user function and effici ency that his necessary for buildings for the future city of the next 100 years.III. sparing Competitiveness of the City.Environmental quality is often cited as a goal that stands in opposition to economic activity. (Skinner 1997) The thinking that sustainability and environmental awareness stifles economic growth is a great myth in this county. The two can go hand in hand, and must do so for cities to grow its local businesses, pretend jobs for its residents, while also maintaining a high quality of life for the residents of the city. The Porter Model highlights four areas that a businesses must maintain in a city for it to gain a competitive advantage over its competitors. Having a strategic location, local market demand, and integration with regional clusters and utilizing human resources. (Porter 1990) For the next-century city the local businesses must play an important factor in creating jobs within the inner city that will attract residents and dish up create a better qual ity of life.Skinner maintains that local governments have large-broad powers to regulate businesses and they various types that are allowed to operate, therefore allowing more sustainable and environmentally-friendly industries into the city. Various particular local examples of this in the region of S. Florida is in the city of Boca Raton. The city has created a local city organized group called Boca Raton Green Partners. The makeup of the group that meets periodic are local businesses committed to sustainable practices and reviews methods that city can take and policies they can recommend to rear a practice of sustainability for the residents and businesses.The state of Florida also has a rebate program for residents to install solar panels on their homes and businesses. Residents can be reimbursed up to 20, 000 for homes and up to 100, 000 for businesses against the cost of installation. This in effect also created hundreds of local jobs for contractors and businesses this may be somewhat viewed as a world/private partnership. Environmental quality and economic animation can be viewed as a singular entity that can fully support each other for the city to usher into the next 100 years and truly be a future city.IV. loony toonsThe above picture speaks volumes about the traffic problems most current cities face everyday. Smog, congestion, traffic noise, are salutary a few of the health consequences of our reliance of cars and the use of fossil fuels. When looking at transportation and the city it is not a one size fits all solution. There must be many options for residents and creating accessibility rather than mobility. (Fettig 2006) Some of the problems current cities face is large investments in highways and roads. For many years local and regional officials solution for solving the traffic problem was building more roads. Within the city the use the public transportation is the most effective and environmentally-conscious way of mobility.While this is nothing new to many readers what may surprise is that in some cities like Paris, France the local government is taking an active occasion in reducing the number of cars on roads. There has been a push for residents to use more public bikes, roads have been removed and trains or trams created in their places. These simple steps have allowed public transportation to move 3-4 more times the people on the same road previously used by cars. (Fettig 2006) The goal of the city is to reduce pollutants by 40 percent by the year 2020. By building a city non-reliant on the car for mobility not only will you generate less pollutants in the atmosphere but also a higher quality of life for residents.In conclusion, the future city of the next 100 years has many challenges it faces. But these challenges can also be viewed as opportunities for unveiling and change that can bring forth lasting economic and environmental benefits. By addressing these four main points population growth, building e fficiency, economic competitiveness of cities and transportation and mobility the city can be primed for the next 100 years.Works CitedE2. Directed by Tad Fettig. Produced by Elizabeth Westrate. 2006. Lagos State Government. November 30, 2011. http//www.lagosstate.gov.ng/index.php?page=subpagespid=12mnu=null (accessed November 2011). Pacione, Michael. Urban Geography, Ch. 30 The Future of the City-Cities of the Future. Routledge, 2005. Porter, Michael. The Competitive Advantage of Nations. Chap. 3, 69-130. McMillian, 1990. Skinner, Nancy. Economic Development as a Path to Sustainability. In Eco City Dimensions, 66-79. New order of magnitude Publishers, 1997. Walker, Lyle and Rees, William. Urban Density and Ecological Footprints. In Eco City Dimensions, 96-112. New Society Publishers, 1997.

APA Style Format Essay Example for Free

APA Style Format Essay abridgment APA (American mental stand out) is most ordinarily used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised jibe to the sixth edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers precedents for the frequent format of APA enquiry papers, in- schoolbook citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the recognition scalawag. For more information, please confabulate the number Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition, second printing. ContributorsJoshua M. Paiz, Elizabeth Angeli, Jodi Wagner, Elena Lawrick, Kristen Moore, Michael Anderson, Lars Soderlund, Allen Brizee, Russell Keck Last Edited 2012-05-30 121958Please use the example at the bottom of this rapsc every(prenominal)ion to cite the Purdue snout in APA. To see a side-by-side comparison of the tierce most widely used citation behaviors, including a chart of all APA citation guide tonal patterns, see the acknowledgement Style Chart. You can also watch ou r APA vidcast series on the Purdue OWL YouTube Channel. General APA GuidelinesYour hear should be typed, double-spaced on standard-sized paper (8.5 x 11) with 1 margins on all sides. You should use a ingest font that is highly readable. APA recommends employ 12 pt. Times New Roman font. Include a paginate passporter (also known as the running head) at the top of every page. To create a page header/running head, insert page numbers game flush near. Then type TITLE OF YOUR composition in the header flush left use all capital letters. The running head is a shortened version of your papers form of address and cannot exceed 50 characters including spacing and punctuation. Major reputation SectionsYour essay should include four major sections the deed of conveyance Page, Abstract, Main Body, and elongations. prenomen PageThe title page should make up the title of the paper, the informants draw, and theinstitutional affiliation. Include the page header (described above) flus h left with the page number flush right at the top of the page. Please note that on the title page, your page header/running head should look like this rill head TITLE OF YOUR PAPERPages aft(prenominal) the title page should permit a running head that looks like this TITLE OF YOUR PAPERAfter consulting with number specia dips at the APA, OWL staff learned that the APA 6th edition, first printing sample papers have incorrect examples of Running heads on pages after the title page. This link ordain take you to the APA site where you can find a complete list of all the errors in the APAs 6th edition style guide. Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page.APA recommends that your title be no more than 12 words in length and that it should not drive away abbreviations or words that work no purpose. Your title may take up one or deuce lines. All text on the title page, and throughout your paper, should be double-spaced. Beneath the title, type the composes digit first name, middle initial(s), and goal name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (Ph.D.). Beneath the authors name, type the institutional affiliation, which should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research.APA Title PageAbstractBegin a new page. Your goldbrick page should already include the page header (described above). On the first line of the abstract page, center the word Abstract (no bold, formatting, italics, underlining, or character reference marks). Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research. (Do not indent.) Your abstract should contain at least your research topic, research questions, erupticipants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions. You may also include possible implications of your research and future work you see connected with your findings.Your abstract should be a single paragraph double-spaced. Your abstract should be between 150 and 250 words. You m ay also want to list keywords from your paper in your abstract. To do this, indent as you would if you were starting a new paragraph, type Keywords (italicized), and thus list your keywords. Listing your keywords will help researchers find your work in databases.APA Abstract PagePlease see our Sample APA Paper resource to see an example of an APA paper. You may also visit our Additional Resources page for more examples of APA papers. How to touch on the Purdue OWL in APAIndividual ResourcesContributors names and the last edited go steady can be ground in the orange boxes at the top of every page on the OWL. Contributors names (Last edited date). Title of resource. Retrieved from http//Web address for OWL resourceAngeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderlund, L., Brizee, A. (2010, May 5). General format. Retrieved from http//owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ n-Text Citations The BasicsSummary APA (American Psychological Association) is most co mmonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition, second printing. ContributorsJoshua M. Paiz, Elizabeth Angeli, Jodi Wagner, Elena Lawrick, Kristen Moore, Michael Anderson, Lars Soderlund, Allen Brizee, Russell Keck Last Edited 2012-09-14 093955Reference citations in text atomic number 18 covered on pages 169-179 of the Publication Manual. What follows be some general guidelines for referring to the industrial plant of others in your essay. Note APA style requires authors to use the past stress or present perfect tense when using polarity joints to describe earlier research, for example, Jones (1998) launch or Jones (1998) has found APA Citation BasicsWhen using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the authors last name and the year of subject for the source should front in the text, for example, (Jones, 1998), and a complete reference should appear in the reference list at the end of the paper. If you ar referring to an idea from another work but NOT directly quoting the material, or making reference to an replete(p) book, article or other work, you only have to make reference to the author and year of publication and not the page number in your in-text reference.All sources that are cited in the text must appear in the reference list at the end of the paper. In-Text Citation Capitalization, Quotes, and Italics/Underlining Always profit proper nouns, including author names and initials D. Jones. If you refer to the title of a source within your paper, capitalize all words that are four letters long or greater within the title of a source permanency and Change. Exceptions app ly to short words that are verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and adverbs Writing New Media, There Is Nothing Left to Lose.(Note in your References list, only the first word of a title will be capitalized Writing new media.) When capitalizing titles, capitalize both words in a hyphenated compound wordNatural-Born Cyborgs. Capitalize the first word after a dash or colon Defining Film Rhetoric The Case of Hitchcocks Vertigo. Italicize or underline the titles of longer works such as books, edited collections, movies, television series, documentaries, or albums The Closing of the American Mind The Wizard of Oz Friends. Put quotation marks around the titles of shorter works such as ledger articles, articles from edited collections, television series episodes, and song titles Multimedia Narration Constructing Possible Worlds The One Where Chandler Cant Cry. curtly QuotationsIf you are directly quoting from a work, you will need to include the author, year of publication, and the page number for the reference (preceded by p.). Introduce the quotation with a signal phrase that includes the authors last name followed by the date of publication in parentheses. According to Jones (1998), Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time (p. 199).Jones (1998) found students often had difficulty using APA style (p. 199) what implications does this have for teachers? If the author is not named in a signal phrase, place the authors last name, the year of publication, and the page number in parentheses after the quotation. She stated, Students often had difficulty using APA style (Jones, 1998, p. 199), but she did not offer an explanation as to why. Long QuotationsPlace direct quotations that are 40 words, or longer, in a free-standing block of typewritten lines, and omit quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, indented 1/2 inch from the left margin, i.e., in the same place you would stick a new paragraph. Type the entire quotation on the new margin, and indent the first line of any accompanying paragraph within the quotation 1/2 inch from the new margin. take note double-spacing throughout. The parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark. Joness (1998) study found the following(a)Students often had difficulty using APA style,especially when it was their first time citing sources. This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that more students failed to purchase a style manual or to ask their teacher for help. (p. 199)Summary or excerptIf you are paraphrasing an idea from another work, you only have to make reference to the author and year of publication in your in-text reference, but APA guidelines encourage you to also provide the page number (although it is not required.) According to Jones (1998), APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners. APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners (Jones, 1998, p. 199). In-Text Citati ons informant/ inditesSummary APA (American Psychological Association) is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6th edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th edition, second printing. ContributorsJoshua M. Paiz, Elizabeth Angeli, Jodi Wagner, Elena Lawrick, Kristen Moore, Michael Anderson, Lars Soderlund, Allen Brizee, Russell Keck Last Edited 2011-10-28 073733APA style has a series of important rules on using author names as part of the author-date system. There are additional rules for citing indirect sources, electronic sources, and sources without page numbers. Citing an Author or Authors A lean by Two Authors Name both authors in the signal phrase or in the parentheses each time yo u cite the work. economic consumption the word and between the authors names within the text and use the ampersand in the parentheses. Research by Wegener and Petty (1994) supports(Wegener Petty, 1994)A Work by Three to Five Authors List all the authors in the signal phrase or in parentheses the first time you cite the source. (Kernis, Cornell, Sun, Berry, Harlow, 1993)In subsequent citations, only use the first authors last name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in parentheses. (Kernis et al., 1993)In et al., et should not be followed by a period.Six or More Authors Use the first authors name followed by et al. in the signal phrase or in parentheses. Harris et al. (2001) argued(Harris et al., 2001)Unknown Author If the work does not have an author, cite the source by its title in the signal phrase or use the first word or dickens in the parentheses. Titles of books and reports are italicized or underlined titles of articles, chapters, and sack up pages are in quotatio n marks. A similar study was done of students learning to format research papers (Using APA, 2001). Note In the rare case the Anonymous is used for the author, treat it as the authors name (Anonymous, 2001). In the reference list, use the name Anonymous as the author. Organization as an AuthorIf the author is an organization or a government agency, mention the organization in the signal phrase or in the parenthetical citation the first time you cite the source. According to the American Psychological Association (2000), If the organization has a well-known abbreviation, include the abbreviation in brackets the first time the source is cited and then use only the abbreviation in later citations. First citation (Mothers Against Drunk Driving MADD, 2000) foster citation (MADD, 2000)Two or More Works in the Same Parentheses When your parenthetical citation includes two or more works, order them the same way they appear in the reference list, separated by a semi-colon. (Berndt, 2002 Har low, 1983)Authors With the Same Last Name To prevent confusion, use first initials with the last names. (E. Johnson, 2001 L. Johnson, 1998)Two or More Works by the Same Author in the Same Year If you have two sources by the same author in the same year, use lower-case letters (a, b, c) with the year to order the entries in the reference list. Use the lower-case letters with the year in the in-text citation. Research by Berndt (1981a) illustrated thatIntroductions, Prefaces, Forewords, and Afterwords When citing an Introduction, Preface, Foreword, or Afterwords in-text, cite the steal author and year as usual. (Funk Kolln, 1992)Personal Communication For interviews, letters, e-mails, and other person-to-person communication, cite the communicators name, the fact that it was individual(prenominal) communication, and the date of the communication. Do not include personal communication in the reference list. (E. Robbins, personal communication, January 4, 2001).A. P. smith also clai med that many of her students had difficulties with APA style (personal communication, November 3, 2002). Citing Indirect Sources If you use a source that was cited in another source, name the original source in your signal phrase. List the secondary source in your reference list and include the secondary source in the parentheses. Johnson argued that(as cited in Smith, 2003, p. 102).Note When citing material in parentheses, set off the citation with a comma, as above. Also, try to finalize the original material and cite the original source. electronic Sources If possible, cite an electronic document the same as any other document by using the author-date style. Kenneth (2000) explained Unknown Author and Unknown Date If no author or date is given, use the title in your signal phrase or the first word or two of the title in the parentheses and use the abbreviation n.d. (for no date). Another study of students and research decisions discovered that students succeeded with tutoring ( Tutoring and APA, n.d.). Sources Without Page NumbersWhen an electronic source lacks page numbers, you should try to include information that will help readers find the passage beingness cited. When an electronic document has numbered paragraphs, use the abbreviation para. followed by the paragraph number (Hall, 2001, para. 5). If the paragraphs are not numbered and the document includes headings, provide the appropriate heading and specify the paragraph under that heading. Note that in some electronic sources, like Web pages, people can use the Find function in their browser to locate any passages you cite. According to Smith (1997), (Mind over Matter section, para. 6). Note Never use the page numbers of Web pages you print out different computers print Web pages with different pagination.

Should Children Be Tried as Adults Essay Example for Free

Should Children Be essay as Adults EssayThere is a saying If you do the crime, you must do the time. that does that apply to barbarianren. Should pincerren be time-tested as adults?. While some people praise this as a means of stopping young offenders before they start on a c areer of crime, others find it very(prenominal) inappropriate and unjust. This paper pull up stakes examine questions, pros and cons of whether children should be tried as adults. DiscussionI will view both sides to whether children should be tried as adults. The rate of murders by juveniles and children has skyrocketed across the country. There are m either people who feel that children should be tried as adults due to the popular saying If you do the crime, you must do the time. According to many sources it is believed that it will make them understand the consequences of their actions and deter them from committing any further crimes.However, there is also the view that many individuals feel that Children should not be tried as adults. They should be nurtured and protected rather than completely responsible and punished for their crime. Children/juveniles it said that they do not ingest the emotional maturity to control their impulse, or to fully understand the consequences to their actions. Therefore stating that their brains are not to be developed and can in neither way nor fashion adds up to an adults, making an exception. The truth of the social occasion is who is right and who is wrong? Both have valid points as to why not have the child tried and why not just seek other means besides having a child tried. This is a debate that will continue with time.In conclusion my view is that kids should not be tried as adults at age 7 but should be giving help. I feel that more(prenominal) facilities that are not an adult based would be more sufficient. Because re on the wholey no one knows all the reason why kids commit crimes it could be they were bullied, having psychologic al problems at home or school. The possibilities are never-failing if reasons I think that juveniles need to be charged as adults, they are so close to due date that they know what they are doing more so a little child.

Case study Essay Example for Free

Case study EssayThe imaginativeness allocation for each activity for each week and the total weekly preference assignments are record in Figure 1, which is a Gantt chart along with a histogram. Now, examine Figure 1 closely. victimization the concept of resource leveling, determine the flaws in this resource schedule, write down the disadvantages of such resource cargo and develop a more leveled schedule. This forms your Exercise 2 for this week. Candace Given below is the information about the IT honk we discussed in our Lesson 5 commentary under Resource Leveling. Also inclined below is the current resource loading Gantt chart along with a histogram. Now, have a close look at figures given below and using the concept of resource leveling, determine the flaws in this resource schedule, write down the disadvantages of such resource loading, and develop a more leveled schedule. For your ready reference, an Excel sheet (ResourceLevelingExercise. xls) is provided to complete this exercise.

Individual and society Essay Example for Free

Individual and hunting lodge EssayMany of Millers plays are based on real life experiences. In A conceive form the Bridge gayy stories and experiences were put together to create this piece. The main figment is of an Italian-American called Eddie Carbone who works on the waterfront as a longshoreman to support his wife, Beatrice, and their niece, Catherine. When Beatrices cousins from Italy, Rodolpho and Marco, illegally migrate from Italy to America Eddie welcomes them with open arms. Catherine soon go in love with Rodolpho but Eddie has feelings for his niece that he finds hard to admit to. Eddie subsequently creates the idea that Rodolpho is homosexual and, in his eyes, not right for Catherine.Red Hook, a slum area of Brooklyn, New York, at this time was a very close-knit community and often the Sicilian family ethics would still permeate through the generations of the brand-new Americans. Eddie tells the story of the boy who was thr consume out of his home and never se en again, regarding it as a moral story with a suitable ending because he had told the immigration officers about his immigrant Uncle.Eddies decline and fall is due to his make actions, and so the consequences are his responsibility. Even worse Eddie knows the dangers when he says you can quicker get back a million dollars that was stole than a word that you gave away. Laws enforced by the people also uphold this Sicilian society it is not the law of the establishment but the law of Sicilian values upheld by its citizens. Alfieri is alive(predicate) and is part of both types of law, he is aware of the limitations to both laws and the consequences of someone going outside either law.We jog for half is a key quotation from Alfieri in this play. It shows a way to avoid a skirmish between society and the individual. Eddie has relied his square life on his moral code which he breaks when he realises he can no interminable take a crap Catherine and the code. Eddie is, however, to p roud to compromise although he has an abundance of chances to do so. Eddie has relied his whole life on his moral code which he breaks when he realises he can no longer have Catherine and the code.Eddie is punished for his individuality by society, the fight at the end is ofttimes resembling a pagan ritual devised to discern truth by divine intervention, the crowd circles the two opponents as the accuser and protector fight, the winner will either reclaim his honour or destroy his opponents. Such rituals are have said to take place in ancient Briton and Greece.Eddie lives in a society where in that location is a strange type of feudal system there are mafia dons on outstrip mafia underlings in the middle and longshoremen at the very bottom. It immediately suggests to me that the kiss bestowed upon Rodolpho may have connections with the maffia as a kiss of death. By reporting Rodolpho to the immigration authorities Eddie has effectively signed his own and Rodolphos death warrant s. We can relate Eddie to the conventions of the Mafia because of his background as he himself is an Italian-American and by reporting Rodolpho he is effectively denying another what was given to his parents.This play is set in the nineteen-fifties when Gang warfare was rife in which the Mafia played a large part, shown in the very beginning of the play where Eddie explains that Rodolpho and Marco will be given jobs everyday until they pay them off. Eddie is a longshoreman, he is worthless to his society because there are hundreds resembling him, and he works in a place where you work when you are lucky enough to be picked for work. Miller experienced this corruption of the American dream first hand. It is the Sicilian society that allows the lowest man to survive because of the camaraderie between neighbours.Millers use of an unusual stage direction is important They are like animals that have torn at one another and broken up without decision, each waiting for the others mood.. T he animalistic language is important in that it keeps referring to beasts and to primitive and animal behaviour shown near the end of the play Rodolphos metaphor of the bird the simile in the stage directions of the two beasts and Eddie By rights they oughta to throw you back into the water. It shows the animalistic nature of the society both characters are a part of. When Marco kills Eddie it as if he has won the battle and much like in a pack of lions the dominant male now owns the females. This simile helps us to hypothesize this scene, highlighting it as the characters turn from men to beasts.This story was built upon a tale Miller comprehend while working as a longshoreman in Red Hook (where the play is really set), some say that Elia Kazan is represented in the play by Eddie, the character that we can picture but still reject. Miller criticised Elia Kazan for naming names during the McCarthy trials (or as they were nicknamed the McCarthy Witch hunts) but at the same time understood his dilemma. Elia Kazan was given an option and if he didnt name names thus he would never direct films again. Kazan was not only criticised by Miller but by umteen people who branded him a coward and scoundrel although he claimed he was doing it out of his own true self. wish Kazan, Eddie does what he believes is right creating a conflict between society and himself.

Adelphia Scandal Essay Example for Free

Adelphia Scandal EssayAdelphia was founded in 1952 by fanny Rigas and his brother Gus Rigas in Coudersport, Pennsylvania with the purchase of their first credit line franchise for $300.After 20 years, the Rigas brothers incorporated their company under the name Adelphia which derived its name from a Greek word which means brothers, an apt corporate title for a business that would employ generations of the Rigas family.Adelphia was a cable television company and built its success on a strong commitment to customer care and because of this commitment, a glorious growth spree would follow. By 1998, Adelphia passed the ii million-customer milestone and served approximately 5.6 million cable television customers nationwide.The company made significant strides in fruit development and the implementation of fiber optic technology and expanded their property and business offerings to include digital cable, local and long distance telephone services, messaging, enhanced data, high-s peed Internet and video services .John Rigas managed Adelphia from its corporate headquarters in Coudersport, PA. His brother Gus sold his interest in Adelphia in 1983. And after most time, Johns sons Michael, Timothy and James, serve as executive vice presidents, directors and principal stockholders. John built Adelphia on a strong commitment to family, community, quality service and customer care which became the core values and culture of the company. The maturation of AdelphiaIn August of 1986, Adelphia Communications went public. Its first three years were focused on generating revenue by increasing its customer base through mergers and acquisitions. Although the companys profitability had suffered as a result of the ambitious expansion, its revenue-generating capabilities had not.From the $30 million generated in sales during its first year, annual sales shot up to $131 million in 1988. Adelphia continued to make its presence known by making several important acquisitions of other cable systems such as the Suburban Buffalo corpse from Comax Telcom Corp., the South Dade System from Americable Associates, Ltd.,New Castle System from Cablentertainment, Inc., and Jones Intercable which was the third largest cable system operator in New York during that time.Moreover, Adelphia entered into a partnership with unaffiliated parties to wee Olympus Communications in southeast Florida which became a powerful money-making business as it served roughly 250,000 subscribers in westernmost Palm Beach area.Adelphia was performing admirably and continued to expand by making other acquisitions and integrating maneuvers through 1999 and 2000, bringing its subscriber base up to an impressive 5.5 million.Though the company was heavily obligated(predicate) after the succession of major purchases of other cable companies, equipment, and infrastructures, analysts were looking favorably on Adelphia as belated as January 2002, noting that the company was well positioned fo r acquisition or merger with another major cable company. The uncovering of the FraudOren Cohen, a high-yield-bond analyst for Merrill Lynch had followed Adelphia for a decade and thought there was something about the familys expending that didnt add up. Hed noticed that the Rigases were buying their own stock aggressively, but he couldnt figure out how they were paying(a) for it. They didnt appear to have the cash themselves. John Rigas made $1.4 million in 2000.Michael, Tim, and James each took home $237,000. The Rigases didnt have any sources of income outside Adelphia. They never sold their stock, and it didnt pay a dividend. Cohen was pretty sure their hidden cable systems werent throwing off cash. But every time Cohen tried to get an explanation, Adelphia rebuffed him.On March 27, 2002, however, Adelphia officials give away $2.3 billion in previously unrecorded debt incurred through co-borrowings between Adelphia and other Rigas family entities under the umbrella of the fa milys clubby trust, Highland Holdings.Under these loan agreements, the Rigas entities were responsible for repaying the debt, but if they were unable to do so, Adelphia would be liable.Cohen was astounded to hold in the footnote disclosure and pressed Tim Rigas for details at the end of a conference call that day. Things in Coudersport quickly spun out of control as shareholders asked for clarity and transparency.The revelations and the investigation that followed sent the company spiraling deeper and deeper into a scandal that the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) eventually called, one of the most extensive financial frauds ever to subscribe place at a public company . The stock continued to fall and on whitethorn 15, 2002 John Rigas resigned as chairman and CEO.

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Huck Essay Example for Free

Adventures of huckleberry Finn and huck EssaySometimes in literature, authors will use minor characters to highlight important qualities of another character. This approach helps the reader better ensure the character since character hindering helps to identify their strengths and weaknesses. Mark Tw personal uses s incessantlyal character foils, each of which stomach a different impact on Hucks moral growth. Throughout the classic American novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Hucks friends help to bring out the best of his traits and morals Buck, tom turkey and the King and the Duke. For example, tomcat Sawyer serves as a character foil for Huck Finn.Tom and Hucks sacred beliefs con? ict since Tom believes in genies, and Miss Watson tries to teach Huck what she thinks is right. Huck comes to the conclusion Tom doesnt know what he is talking about So then I judged that all the stuff was just now just one of Tom Sawyers lies (14). As a result, Toms ideas become Huck to form his own beliefs and challenge the majority of peopless way of thinking. Tom also foils Huck at the end of the book when he uses his imagination and knowledge of books to corroborate a plan to complimentary Jim.His unrealistic plan aggravates Huck Good land why, there aint no requisite for it (239). Toms foolish childish behavior didnt bother Huck until now alone since Tom is fooling around with Jims life and exemption, it makes Huck question his relationship with Tom. Toms actions uphold Huck is a positive way that help him grow religiously and in maturity. retributive as Tom foiled Huck, Twain uses Buck to do the same Buck Grangerfords modus vivendi is not similar to Hucks which highlights the differences in Hucks up-bringing. Bucks foundation life is much different than Hucks speci?cally in regards to Buck having someone to wait on him hand and foot My nigger had a monstrous easy time, because I warnt utilize to having anybody do anything for me, but Bucks slave w as on the jump most of the time (106). This example parades that Huck is independent and doesnt need someone to wait on him. Buck can relax and be free of any responsibility. In addition, Buck has a might smooth family, and a mighty nice house, too (99). Buck was raised without the worry of when his next meal was going to be put on the table, or if his father would die from his alcoholism problem.Buck is raised with a fair amount of money, an education, and freedom which Huck lacks. Hucks lifestyle is the opposite of Bucks and Twain does this on solve to express the struggle Huck has with his own life. Not only does Twain use Buck and Tom to foil Huck, he uses the king and the duke to contrast Huck. The outlandish, inconsiderate Duke and King affect Huck with their remorseless stealth and sel? shness. The con-artists plans to take money from the innocent townspeople rub Huck the wrong way but when they lack to steal from bloody shame Jane and the Grangerfords, Huck wont stand for it.Huck decides to tell Mary Jane that her uncles of yourn aint no uncles at all theyre a couple of frauds- regular dead-beats, because they just wishing land and money from the Grangerfords (187). The King and Dukes actions compel Huck to be mature and tell Mary Jane what is actually going on. Later on in the book, Huck sees the King and the Duke tarred and feathered being give chase from the town because of what they have done. Huck realizes he is sorry for them poop pitful rascals, it seemed like I couldnt ever feel any hardness against them any more in the world (230).Huck thinks back on how he hated them and image they were scumbags because of what they had done to innocent people. Now he feels bad for them even thought they deserved it. Huck has grown as a person who can forgive instead of care a grudge. Twain artfully uses Tom, Buck, and the King and the Duke as character foils that help Huck grow virtuously throughout the book. All three sets of foils are different on purpose because Twain wanted to show the readers the affects other characters can have someone. It does not the age or intelligence of the minor character.Twains logic is that using character foil gets his point across because the reader may not have picked up on traits or morals a character has since it was not directly stated. Not only do people affect others in literature, in the real world peoples actions affect others. A small kind gesture can change someones mood or attitude for the rest of the day. Or even something someone says might change another persons outlook on a problem they are having or even larger, their life. The use of character foil is very important in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and more importantly the real world today.

Biometrics Identification Attendance Monitoring System Essay Example for Free

biometry appointment Attendance Monitoring clay EssayTime is a special resource that you idlernot store or save for later use. Everyone has the assume same amount of while each day. Time not well used cannot be retrieved. approximately people feel like they have too much to do and not enough sentence. They unsaved lack of magazine for their poor finances, unachieved finales, stress, bad relationships and not exercising their body. Wise duration management can help you find the clipping for what you desire to do or need to do. You need time to hail what you want out of life. Waiting for more free time to appear is losing the game of life.Through time management you can create the time you need, and not just wait for it to come. By planning your time wisely, you will have more time to do more things. You can learn to find the time for the things that ar important to you. Even a small amount of time once a day, or even once a week, will take you closer to your goals, a nd you will be surprised at the progress you make. You become more productive using improved time management skills and tools, and can do more with less effort and time.Time management can help you reduce wasted time and energy, help you become more creative and productive, and enable you to do the sound thing at the right time. This will of course lead to more balance and fulfillment in your life. Working time is the finale of time that an individual spends at paid occupational labor. Unpaid labors such(prenominal) as housework are not considered part of the working week. Many countries regulate the work week by law, such as stipulating minimum daily rest periods, annual holidays and a maximum number of working hours per week.Impact on system domain or impact on domain functionality, the risks between implementations and there. Ideally the monitoring is a tiny fraction of each applications footprint, requiring simplicity. The monitoring function must be highly tunable to allow f or such issues as network performance, improvements to applications in the development life-cycle, appropriate levels of detail, etc. Impact on the real goal for the system must be considered In this paper, we proposed a system that automates the whole process or victorious attendance and maintaining its records.Managing people is a difficult projection for most of the organizations and maintaining the attendance record is an important factor out in people management. Manually taking the attendance and maintaining it for a longtime odd to the difficulty of this task as well as wastes a lot of time. For this reason an efficient system is designed. This system takes electronically with fingerprint sensor and all the record are saved on a computer server. Biometric identification Attendance Monitoring System serve as a time-log that is set up as a computerized database. This system maintains a daily record of a employees arrival and departure time for works.It keeps records in orde r and is frequently updated. When seeking employment, an employee can request certain reports to be printed from the Biometric Identification Attendance Monitoring. Biometrics have been widely use of the purpose of recognition, it is the most secure it is impossible to forge or muck about fingerprint. Fingerprint sensor is outrank at the entrance of faculty office. In order to mark the attendance, employee has to place his/her finger on the fingerprints sensor. On identification employee attendances, attendance record is updated in the database and he/she is notified through and through monitor.No need of all stationary materials and special person for keeping records. Fingerprint based time attendance-monitoring system provides a foolproof solution using fingerprint authentication. It is very effective in firmness proxy entry problems inherent in other traditional systems. The system records details such as arrival and departure of employees besides maintaining information rega rding their personal and official profiles. Official employee information such as designation, department, shift, location, leaves status, compensation, etc. can be linked to any payroll software to automate the complete process.Biometric Identification Attendance Monitoring System completely eliminates proxy inherent in other traditional systems. thither is absolutely no recurring cost and smart finger can also be co-ordinated into any existing payroll application to automate the complete process is extremely user prosperous and enables you to generate any kind of attendance report required by querying based on name, department, shift, date, typewrite of activity, etc. It can be customized as per the specific requirements of Customer fingerprint can also be integrated into any existing payroll application to automate the complete process.

Stress Management in the Workplace

Stress anxiety in the WorkplaceThe study of human being relations looks at the inter toyion between people in the fashionplace. From study of Masters in Business and in the flesh(predicate) experience, I learn the one major problem for human relations and on that pointfore corporations is how to manage siftful events/issues in the massageplace. Highly stressed hiters atomic number 18 less productive, change jobs much more frequently, and experience more shun health consequences than their less stressed colleagues (North Western National Life, 1991, 1992). This is exactly the reason why level-headed forethought is needed to combat the problem of stress. This critical reflection will examine stress management from my person-to-person point of view and reflect on the topics learnt regarding human relations in the ca-caplace. This critical reflection utilizes the acquaintance and experience I hire gained from my fathers workplace, HDFC Bank Ltd India. This connection l ike nigh banks brush off be a very(prenominal) stressful and fast paced workplace and like most companies there is impinge, co-operative efforts and group relationships. From my fathers management in his attach to I understand that an employee is not just do up of his/her skills. An employee is a person, a human being, and an efficient way of managing human relations is to utilize not just that persons skills and the diversity they set out to the company when single employees make up a team.Companies must limit the amount of conflict inwardly the workplace in value to augment productivity and maximize the efficiency of their workers. Conflict arises due to a difference in values, interest, cultures and hobo overly arise due to mis conference. It is consequential when dealing with conflict, that managers understand the inherent factors of why certain conflict arises. With taking into custody co-workers, employees become compassionate and empathise with each other as they start to understand and grow to know one another. On the other hand, too much agreement between employees is said to be unhealthy for a company. This does not necessarily mean conflict but rather relates to debate over certain issues. Debate is healthy for companies especi exclusivelyy if it generates higher productivity. However, I bank, it is indispensable for managers to make sure employees be take in a polite and constructive manner.In my opinion, it is in like manner meaning(a) for managers to project utile talks skills. With the arise of conflict, comes in need for managers to resolve conflict and disputes in a fair and equal manner. The two types of negotiation, distributive and integrative negotiation rat be achieved with the effective management. dispersive negotiation refers to one party winning and the other party losing whereas integrative negotiation is a win-win situation. regrettably the latter back endnot al shipway be achieved and with conflict there is sometimes a losing party. Therefore conflict resolution, as a manager it is of the essence(predicate) to express the need to compromise when conflicts arise. As a manger, I am striving to spend a penny my skill in negotiating, more importantly I believe managers like myself, should increase their skill in collaboration and accommodating negotiation skills. In aiming to reduce stress in the workplace, negotiation skills such as finding a common ground, a common interest rear steal attention away from the conflict and therefore end the stress.Stress in the workplace does not moreover come from conflicts between employees. In a bank it is very fast paced and the amount of work that the employees have can also cause stressful tensions. This type of stress is known as the treadmill syndrome. some other type of stress can be caused by interruptions in day-to-day processes. This means that employees that be disrupt some times have higher stress levels. However, other types of s tress can come from managers and the employers themselves. question in company policies, employee contracts or future duty can also result in tension.From person-to-person experience I believe the manager must always aim to achieve a good relationship with co-workers and also aim to diminish the level of stress through effective management skills. I also believe that treating employees as individuals, respecting the diversity in the workplace can also fade to quick and less tensed employees. In my fathers company one effective way of achieving this is to be inclusive with all employees. This can be difficult when dealing with large teams however being able to make employees tint safe, secure and included can reduce the amount of stress in the job. An example of this is where employees share their companionship and skills so that the team is not only made up of individuals working alone completing steal tasks, but instead works as a group to achieve a common goal.The effecti ve realize of self-consciousness is also an important element in stress management. Self-esteem when properly managed, can al low-pitched employees to feel engaged and able in the workplace. An effective level of self-esteem will establish an effective worker. From personal experience creating a balanced self-esteem within employees is all about personal development. Setting goals and giving employees the friendship and skills to achieve those goals can boost self-esteem, create confidence in the employees abilities and decrease the level of stress. Another way of creating confidence is by developing a settle with system. A reward system allows for praise to be given when employees deserve it however the management of the system should be conservatively scrutinised so that employee do not become dissatisfied when they cannot achieve goals. From personal experience I have seen this system in use and by giving employees praise and rewards for doing a good job the workplace can be comparative and employees feel good about success thus creating high self-esteem and happy effective workers.Happy effective workers may be easy to establish, however the continuation of this feeling and the deliverance of a low stress workplace can only be achieved through effective management. My view of effective management begins with the dexterity for managers to be able to set an example of how they want their employees to work. This is almost related to the topic of self- management, which enables a manager to lead by example. The concept of leader and follower is very important to establish for managers. Being able to direct and instruct employees in an appropriate manner can also effectively manage stress. I have seen this when personally dealing with lecturers and teachers. An effective leader, manager or teacher should be able to make people feel calm, valued and secure through their stead towards work and also the manner in which they conduct themselves. In perso nal experience teachers have made me feel calm, valued and secure by their validatory attitude, friendly personality and office to live what they vaticinate (they lead by example).The managers ability to lead by example also relates to gathering information on employees likes and dislikes and making sure communication between employees is at an effective level. The main aims of communication are association management decision making coordinating work activities fulfilling relatedness needs inform express feelings and influence. (Evans, (2010) Communication social Effectiveness, PowerPoint Slides retrieved from www.jcu.edu). Although these aims are not directly related to stress management, it can be devised that if these aims are achieved the employees work appoint and general day-to-day tasks will become less stressful. In this day and age, intellectual technology has allowed true fir communication to become more efficiently received. However, communication which has been re ceived electronically has more of a get at being misread. Email, memos, voicemails etc. can create greater conflicts than there would be with appear to face communication. Through personal experience and observing my father I have learnt that extensive training in electronic communication and how to write without mistakenly offending people is very important. Face-to-face communication also allows for employees to disclose certain information, allowing people to become comfortable with each other and work more near as a team. The stress reduction factor in the ability for employees to communication effectively is seen when communication lowers the risk of conflicts and also decreases the amount of mistakes employees make due to miscommunication. In my fathers company I have perceive of many mistakes made due to miscommunication, such as Bank Policies on human relations and employment conditions causing panic and unrest with employees and decreasing efficiency. The miscommunicati on between bank departments and the creation of rumours results in high levels of stress which could be avoided if best management had been in place. The kind of manager that I want to be relates most with the Johari window and the four panes of relationships. I believe that by developing a close, passe-partout relationship with employees can generate trust and great communication skills. I also believe that a manager should have the ability to criticise employees in a way which will make them more efficient at their job. Constructive criticism, as many call this, is the ability to point out a persons behaviour in a way which makes that person examine their behaviour but is done in a appointed manner. Learning to restructure the way in which I give criticism so that my communication is positive and employees are able to learn from the criticism I give them. I learnt from my father that the way he manages his employees, that positive language generates more positive responses to productivity. This ability to disclose information, communicate and take criticism can only happen if there is a certain level of trust already gained between co-workers. An example, Employees perceptions of low role overload-quantitative, role overload qualitative and want of career development as sources of stress most likely result in low job stress in turn, this would benefit both the organizations and the employees themselves. get-go job stress should result in better job satisfaction and organizational dedication, since researchers have shew significant negative associations between job stress and both job satisfaction and organizational commitment (Jamal Badawi, 1995).Although communication is vital, being able to communicate with a diverse range of employees can be difficult. That is why it is necessary for managers to learn how to communicate in different styles. For example, in the workplace there may be employees which are able to process instructions which are verba lly communicated. However, others may be more visually inclined and therefore managers will need the self-disclosure and close relationship with co-workers to develop and understand what communication styles are needed.However, managers are not able to control every little event that happens in the workplace and conflict can still arise even with good management. A managers ability to observe, notice and counter act any possible conflict is a great skill to have. However, no manager is able to control peoples emotions in this can develop into conflict. The managers job in this case is to educate employees on the proper ways of controlling and handling their emotions in times of high stress. In my point of view, I believe that company retreats where employees get to know one another in an environment other than the workplace can lead to high levels of trust between co-workers and also creates opportunities to develop their ability to handle emotional stressful events. From my persona l experience in studying I have learnt how to deal with stressful events and control my emotions so that I make rational decisions through observing how my father deals with stress (Exercise and Hobbies) and also through seminars which have taught me how to understand how people think and react to different saturations.As mentioned above, positive language, communication and good management are all good ways to deal with stress in the workplace. One other way to create a stress free environment is to motivate employees in the belief that if workers are motivated and believe in their job conflicts will be diminished, emotions and irrational behaviours will decrease and staff will be happy within themselves and productive. Motivation, I find is a very hard skill to learn and can sometimes take years to develop. From the personal experience I have witnessed great management and motivational skills from one of my teachers. Her motivational skills came from her passion for her subject an d the belief in what she was doing. Her passion and excitement motivated her total class and her creativity and ingenuity for teaching and learning pedagogies catered to a diverse yet successful classroom.along with motivational skills comes the ability to be able to observe and distinguish learning capabilities. Not every individual has the ability to learn in the same way, and as mentioned before, some may be visual learners others may be auditory and lastly, managers may come across tactile learners. In believe the ability to shape up employees to continue their lifelong learning is an important skill and through learning comes the ability to gain knowledge and ultimately understanding and consideration for others. As a manager, I believe it is this consideration which is also important to stress management. From personal experience I know that knowledge can bring wisdom and the ability to act rationally when conflicts arise.According to my point of view work life balance can b e achieved through proper prioritising between work, career and ambition on the one hand and life, pleasure, leisure and family on the other hand. Through this the manager should be able to promote workplace health and understand the work or family conflict. Stress can be related to this, if an employee is does not have a good work life balance he will undergoing stress in all the ways. I believe that there should be a work life balance in the working environment where the employees should be happy and they can give their own effort to achieve the common goal. An example, Singaporean employee perceptions of a supportive HR environment will be negatively related to their perceptions of role overload and responsibility. (International Journal of Stress Management July 2002).In summary, it is very important for managers to learn this significance of stress management. As a manager I believe it is important to keep in mind the organisations, although made up of individuals are essential ly individuals that work together. There may be different departments with different managers and therefore different ways of dealing with tasks however, these departments work as a whole in order to successfully achieve a common goal. This is a significance of why stress management is important. If employees are stressed and goals are not achieved, productivity and the company suffer. As expressed above in the critical reflection stress can arise from many situations caused from over work, interruptions or general conflicts between employees. In dealing with stress in the workplace it is important to continue learning new skills in how to deal with conflicts. Some of the factors underlying conflicts which were examined above included miscommunication, lack of knowledge or understanding over diverse workplace etc. The importance of these factors allows for managers to develop a process or plan helping to deal with these factors. I.E self-disclosure will hopefully create a better wor king environment due to greater knowledge and understanding of each other and thus the ability to communicate more efficiently and effectively with each other. With conflict comes the need for negotiation in order to resolve conflicts and establish a united workplace. My personal experiences and study has allowed me to develop into the kind of manager I believe is most efficient. This involves the ability to communicate effectively with a diverse range of learning abilities and also able to negotiate to the best of my ability so that compromises can be reached when conflicts arise. But most importantly, I believe in setting a good example for my co-workers which includes continuing my learning through professional development, sharing my knowledge and skills with fellow co-workers, listening and learning from my co-workers and lastly gaining the ability to be emphatic and understanding of diverse cultures and people which I may come across both personally and professionally.